Information and species illustrations courtesy of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
Species Information
Size
Small, maximum size to 38 cm.
Diagnostic characters
Mouth subterminal, lower jaw not extending beyond upper jaw and without small ventral knob; pectoral fins moderate to long (equal to or greater than head length and extending to or beyond origin of anal fin), coloration variable, body coloration not silvery; preopercular spine not short, reaching past operculum; body cavity ends at anal-fin origin. Nasal and supraocualr cirri absent. Spinous dorsal fin without 2 non-ocellated spots; 1 spot may be ocellated or no distinct spots. Spinous dorsal fin with black spot between the fourth and fifth spine, with spot surrounded by hyaline area which extends anteriorly towards and to the first dorsal-fin spine. Branchiostegal rays dusky or black; pectoral fin without small, numerous light-coloured blue spots; large white spot on dorsal caudal peduncle.
Habitat, biology, and fisheries
Usually in depths of 18 to 55 m, range from 9 to 170 m. Taken in commercial catches as bycatch, flesh edible.